Population of India
The demographics of India are
inclusive of the second most populous country in the world, with over 1.21
billion people (2011 census), more than a sixth of the world's population.
Already containing 17.5% of the world's population, India is projected to be
the world's most populous country by 2025, surpassing China, its population
reaching 1.6 billion by 2050. Its population growth rate is 1.41%, ranking
102nd in the world in 2010. Indian population reached the billion mark in 2000.
India has more than 50% of its
population below the age of 25 and more than 65% below the age of 35. It is
expected that, in 2020, the average age of an Indian will be 29 years, compared
to 37 for China and 48 for Japan; and, by 2030, India's dependency ratio should
be just over 0.4.
India has more than two
thousand ethnic groups, and every major religion is represented, as are four
major families of languages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austroasiatic and
Tibeto-Burman languages) as well as two language isolates (the Nihali language
spoken in parts of Maharashtra and the Burushaski language spoken in parts of
Jammu and Kashmir).
Further complexity is lent by
the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters
such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the
linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.
S.No.
|
Census Year
|
Population
|
% Change
|
1
|
1951
|
361,088,000
|
-----
|
2
|
1961
|
439,235,000
|
21.6
|
3
|
1971
|
548,160,000
|
24.8
|
4
|
1981
|
683,329,000
|
24.7
|
5
|
1991
|
846,387,888
|
23.9
|
6
|
2001
|
1,028,737,436
|
21.5
|
7
|
2011
|
1,210,193,422
|
17.6
|
Salient Features
India occupies 2.8% of the
world's land area and supports over 17.5% of the world's population. Per the
2001 census, 72.2% of the population lives in about 638,000 villages and the
remaining 27.8% lives in more than 5,100 towns and over 380 urban
agglomerations.
India's population has
exceeded that of the entire continent of Africa by 200 million people however,
since Africa's population growth is nearly double that of India, it is expected
to surpass both China and India by 2025.
Comparative Demographics
Category
|
Global Ranking
|
Area
|
7th
|
Population
|
2nd
|
Population growth rate
|
102nd of 212
|
Population density
(people per square kilometer of land area) |
24th of 212
|
Male to Female ratio, at birth
|
12th of 214
|
List of
States and Union territories by Demographics
Population distribution in India by states
|
||||||||||||
Rank
|
Type
|
Population
|
%[18]
|
Males
|
Females
|
Literacy
|
Density
(/km²) |
|||||
1
|
State
|
199,812,341
|
16.5
|
104,480,510
|
95,331,831
|
912
|
67.68
|
131,658,339
|
34,539,582
|
240,928
|
828
|
|
2
|
State
|
121,455,333
|
9.28
|
58,243,056
|
54,131,277
|
929
|
82.34
|
55,777,647
|
41,100,980
|
307,713
|
365
|
|
3
|
State
|
103,804,637
|
8.6
|
54,278,157
|
49,821,295
|
918
|
61.80
|
74,316,709
|
8,681,800
|
94,163
|
1,102
|
|
4
|
State
|
91,276,115
|
7.54
|
46,809,027
|
44,467,088
|
950
|
76.26
|
57,748,946
|
22,427,251
|
88,752
|
1,030
|
|
5
|
State
|
84,580,777
|
6.99
|
42,442,146
|
42,138,631
|
993
|
67.02
|
55,401,067
|
20,808,940
|
275,045
|
308
|
|
6
|
State
|
72,626,809
|
6.00
|
37,612,306
|
35,014,503
|
931
|
69.32
|
44,380,878
|
15,967,145
|
308,245
|
236
|
|
7
|
State
|
72,147,030
|
5.96
|
36,137,975
|
36,009,055
|
996
|
80.09
|
34,921,681
|
27,483,998
|
130,058
|
555
|
|
8
|
State
|
68,548,437
|
5.66
|
35,550,997
|
32,997,440
|
928
|
66.11
|
43,292,813
|
13,214,375
|
342,239
|
201
|
|
9
|
State
|
61,095,297
|
5.05
|
30,966,657
|
30,128,640
|
973
|
75.36
|
34,889,033
|
17,961,529
|
191,791
|
319
|
|
10
|
State
|
60,439,692
|
4.99
|
31,491,260
|
28,948,432
|
919
|
78.03
|
31,740,767
|
18,930,250
|
196,024
|
308
|
|
11
|
State
|
41,974,218
|
3.47
|
21,212,136
|
20,762,082
|
979
|
72.87
|
31,287,422
|
5,517,238
|
155,707
|
269
|
|
12
|
State
|
33,406,061
|
2.76
|
16,027,412
|
17,378,649
|
1084
|
94.00
|
23,574,449
|
8,266,925
|
38,863
|
859
|
|
13
|
State
|
32,988,134
|
2.72
|
16,930,315
|
16,057,819
|
948
|
66.41
|
20,952,088
|
5,993,741
|
79,714
|
414
|
|
14
|
State
|
31,205,576
|
2.58
|
15,939,443
|
15,266,133
|
958
|
72.19
|
23,216,288
|
3,439,240
|
78,438
|
397
|
|
15
|
State
|
27,743,338
|
2.29
|
14,639,465
|
13,103,873
|
895
|
75.84
|
16,096,488
|
8,262,511
|
50,362
|
550
|
|
16
|
State
|
25,545,198
|
2.11
|
12,832,895
|
12,712,303
|
991
|
70.28
|
16,648,056
|
4,185,747
|
135,191
|
189
|
|
17
|
State
|
25,351,462
|
2.09
|
13,494,734
|
11,856,728
|
879
|
75.55
|
15,029,260
|
6,115,304
|
44,212
|
573
|
|
18
|
UT
|
16,787,941
|
1.39
|
8,987,326
|
7,800,615
|
868
|
86.21
|
944,727
|
12,905,780
|
11,297
|
9,340
|
|
19
|
State
|
12,541,302
|
1.04
|
6,640,662
|
5,900,640
|
889
|
67.16
|
7,627,062
|
2,516,638
|
222,236
|
56
|
|
20
|
State
|
10,086,292
|
0.83
|
5,137,773
|
4,948,519
|
963
|
78.82
|
6,310,275
|
2,179,074
|
53,483
|
189
|
|
21
|
State
|
6,864,602
|
0.57
|
3,481,873
|
3,382,729
|
972
|
82.80
|
5,482,319
|
595,581
|
55,673
|
123
|
|
22
|
State
|
3,673,917
|
0.30
|
1,874,376
|
1,799,541
|
960
|
87.22
|
2,653,453
|
545,750
|
10,486
|
350
|
|
23
|
State
|
2,966,889
|
0.25
|
1,491,832
|
1,475,057
|
989
|
74.43
|
1,864,711
|
454,111
|
22,429
|
132
|
|
24
|
State
|
2,855,794
|
0.21
|
1,290,171
|
1,280,219
|
992
|
79.21
|
1,590,820
|
575,968
|
22,327
|
122
|
|
25
|
State
|
1,978,502
|
0.16
|
1,024,649
|
953,853
|
931
|
79.55
|
1,647,249
|
342,787
|
16,579
|
119
|
|
26
|
State
|
1,458,545
|
0.12
|
739,140
|
719,405
|
973
|
88.70
|
677,091
|
670,577
|
3,702
|
394
|
|
27
|
State
|
1,383,727
|
0.11
|
713,912
|
669,815
|
938
|
65.38
|
870,087
|
227,881
|
83,743
|
17
|
|
28
|
UT
|
1,247,953
|
0.10
|
612,511
|
635,442
|
1037
|
85.85
|
325,726
|
648,619
|
479
|
2,598
|
|
29
|
State
|
1,097,206
|
0.09
|
555,339
|
541,867
|
976
|
91.33
|
447,567
|
441,006
|
21,081
|
52
|
|
30
|
UT
|
1,055,450
|
0.09
|
580,663
|
474,787
|
818
|
86.05
|
92,120
|
808,515
|
114
|
9,252
|
|
31
|
State
|
610,577
|
0.05
|
323,070
|
287,507
|
890
|
81.42
|
480,981
|
59,870
|
7,096
|
86
|
|
32
|
UT
|
380,581
|
0.03
|
202,871
|
177,710
|
876
|
86.63
|
239,954
|
116,198
|
8,249
|
46
|
|
33
|
UT
|
343,709
|
0.03
|
193,760
|
149,949
|
774
|
76.24
|
170,027
|
50,463
|
491
|
698
|
|
34
|
UT
|
243,247
|
0.02
|
150,301
|
92,946
|
618
|
87.10
|
100,856
|
57,348
|
112
|
2,169
|
|
35
|
UT
|
64,473
|
0.01
|
33,123
|
31,350
|
946
|
91.85
|
33,683
|
26,967
|
32
|
2,013
|
|
TOTAL
|
28 + 7
|
1,210,193,422
|
100
|
623,724,248
|
586,469,174
|
940
|
74.04
|
833,087,662
|
377,105,760
|
3,287,240
|
382
|
Religious Demographics
Composition
|
Others
| ||||||
% total of population 2001
|
80.5%
|
13.4%
|
2.3%
|
1.9%
|
0.8%
|
0.4%
|
0.6%
|
10-Yr Growth % (est '91–'01)
|
20.3%
|
29.5%
|
22.6%
|
18.2%
|
18.2%
|
26.0%
|
103.1%
|
No. of females/1000 males. (avg. = 944)
|
944
|
940
|
1009
|
895
|
955
|
940
|
1000
|
Literacy rate (71.7% for Age 7 and above)
|
75.5%
|
60.0%
|
90.3%
|
70.4%
|
73.0%
|
95.0%
|
50.0%
|
Work Participation Rate
|
40.4
|
31.3
|
39.7
|
37.7
|
40.6
|
32.9
|
48.4
|
Rural sex ratio
|
1000
|
953
|
1001
|
895
|
958
|
937
|
995
|
Urban sex ratio
|
922
|
907
|
1026
|
886
|
944
|
941
|
966
|
Child sex ratio (0–6 yrs)
|
925
|
950
|
964
|
786
|
942
|
870
|
976
|
Literacy
rate in India
State/UT Code
|
India/State/UT
|
Literate Persons (%)
|
Males (%)
|
Females (%)
|
01
|
Jammu and Kashmir
|
86.61
|
87.26
|
85.23+-
|
02
|
Himachal Pradesh
|
83.78
|
90.83
|
76.60
|
03
|
Punjab
|
76.6
|
81.48
|
71.34
|
04
|
Chandigarh
|
86.43
|
90.54
|
81.38
|
05
|
Uttarakhand
|
79.63
|
88.33
|
70.70
|
06
|
Haryana
|
76.64
|
85.38
|
66.77
|
07
|
Delhi
|
86.34
|
91.03
|
80.93
|
08
|
Rajasthan
|
67.06
|
80.51
|
52.66
|
09
|
Uttar Pradesh
|
69.72
|
79.24
|
59.26
|
10
|
Bihar
|
63.82
|
73.39
|
53.33
|
11
|
Sikkim
|
82.20
|
87.29
|
76.43
|
12
|
Arunachal Pradesh
|
66.95
|
73.69
|
59.57
|
13
|
Nagaland
|
80.11
|
83.29
|
76.69
|
14
|
Manipur
|
79.85
|
86.49
|
73.17
|
15
|
Mizoram
|
91.58
|
93.72
|
89.40
|
16
|
Tripura
|
87.75
|
92.18
|
83.15
|
17
|
Meghalaya
|
75.48
|
77.17
|
73.78
|
18
|
Assam
|
73.18
|
78.81
|
67.27
|
19
|
West Bengal
|
77.08
|
82.67
|
71.16
|
20
|
Jharkhand
|
67.63
|
78.45
|
56.21
|
21
|
Odisha
|
72.9
|
82.40
|
64.36
|
22
|
Chhattisgarh
|
71.04
|
81.45
|
60.59
|
23
|
Madhya Pradesh
|
70.63
|
80.53
|
60.02
|
24
|
Gujarat
|
79.31
|
87.23
|
70.73
|
25
|
Daman and Diu
|
87.07
|
91.48
|
79.59
|
26
|
Dadra and Nagar Haveli
|
77.65
|
86.46
|
65.93
|
27
|
Maharashtra
|
83.2
|
89.82
|
75.48
|
28
|
Andhra Pradesh
|
67.66
|
75.56
|
59.74
|
29
|
Karnataka
|
75.60
|
82.85
|
68.13
|
30
|
Goa
|
87.40
|
92.81
|
81.84
|
31
|
Lakshadweep
|
92.28
|
96.11
|
88.25
|
32
|
Kerala
|
93.91
|
96.02
|
91.98
|
33
|
Tamil Nadu
|
80.33
|
86.81
|
73.86
|
34
|
Puducherry
|
86.55
|
92.12
|
81.22
|
35
|
Andaman and Nicobar Islands
|
86.27
|
90.11
|
81.84
|
INDIA
|
74.03
|
82.14
|
65.46
|
Population Projections
India is projected to overtake
China as the world's most populous nation by 2030. India's population growth
has raised concerns that it would lead to widespread unemployment and political
instability. Note that these projections make assumptions about future
fertility and death rates which may not turn out to be correct in the event.
2020: 1,326,093,000
2030: 1,460,743,000
2040: 1,571,715,000
2050: 1,656,554,000